THULASI
It has anti-microbial properties and is used for
enhancing the immunity of the human body.
URSOLIC ACID present in the plant is a powerful anti-oxidant.
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Ursolic acid is present in many plants, such as
Mirabilis jalapa, as well as in many fruits and herbs used in daily life (e.g.
apples, basil, bilberries, cranberries, elder flower, peppermint, rosemary,
lavender, oregano, thyme, hawthorn, and prunes). Apple peels contain large
quantities of ursolic acid and related compounds.
Potential biochemical effects.
A number of potential biochemical effects of ursolic
acid have been investigated, but there has been no clinical study demonstrating
benefits to human health. In vitro, ursolic acid inhibits the proliferation of
various cancer cell types by inhibiting the STAT3 activation pathway, and may
also decrease proliferation of cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Ursolic acid
has also been shown to inhibit JNK expression and IL-2 activation of JURKAT
leukemic T Cells leading to the reduction in proliferation and T cell
activation. Ursolic acid is a weak aromatase inhibitor (IC50 = 32 μM), and has
been shown to increase the amount of muscle and brown fat and decrease white
fat obesity and associated conditions when added to diets fed to mice. Under
physiological concentrations, ursolic acid also induces eryptosis (the
apoptosis-like suicidal cell death in defective red blood cells). It has been
found to reduce muscle atrophy and to stimulate muscular growth in mice, also
shows a potential cardioprotection.
In mice, ursolic acid induces neural regeneration
after sciatic nerve injury. Ursolic acid improves domoic acid-induced cognitive
deficits in mice. Ursolic acid improves high fat diet-induced cognitive
impairments by blocking endoplasmic reticulum stress and IκB kinase β/nuclear
factor-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways in mice. Ursolic acid attenuates
lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive deficits in mouse brain through
suppressing p38/NF-κB mediated inflammatory pathways. Ursolic acid ameliorates
cognition deficits and attenuates oxidative damage in the brain of senescent
mice induced by D-galactose. Ursolic acid enhances mouse liver regeneration
after partial hepatectomy. Ursolic acid enhances the cellular immune system and
pancreatic beta-cell function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice fed a
high-fat diet. UA increased skeletal muscle mass, as well as grip strength and
exercise capacity. Improved endurance, reduced the expression of the genes
involved in the development of muscle atrophy, and decreased indicators of
accumulated fatigue and exercise-induced stress. Ursolic acid ameliorates
aging-metabolic phenotype through promoting of skeletal muscle rejuvenation.
In rats, ursolic acid ameliorated high-fat
diet-induced hepatic steatosis and improved metabolic disorders in high-fat
diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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